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Bazalgette’s London sewers

In the summer of 1858, while the Great Eastern was being fitted out for her maiden voyage, London was in the grip of a crisis known as the ‘Great Stink’. The population had grown rapidly during the first half of the 19th century, yet there had been no provision for sanitation.

Three epidemics of cholera had swept through the city, leaving over 30,000 people dead. And sewage was everywhere, piling up in every gully and alleyway, in the cellars of houses in poor districts – and even seeping through cracks in floorboards.

Leading engineer Joseph Bazalgette proposed a bold scheme to build proper sewers: 82 miles of sewage superhighway, linked with over 1,000 miles of street sewers, to provide an underground network beneath the city streets.

He drove himself to the limits of endurance as he struggled to realise his subterranean vision – a task made particularly difficult by his need to compete with the new underground railway, a network of roads, and emerging overland railway systems. But his grand design for a sewer system did eventually transform the city into the first glittering modern metropolis, setting a standard that was quickly copied the world over.

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http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/victorians/seven_wonders_01.shtml

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